Spray or butter the inside of a 12-oz (or larger) microwave-safe mug.
Add flour, sugar, cocoa powder, baking powder, and salt to the mug. Whisk with a fork until no dry lumps remain.
Add milk, oil, and vanilla. Stir until smooth. Fold in 1 tablespoon of the chocolate chips.
Press remaining tablespoon of chocolate chips onto the top of the batter — don't stir them in.
Microwave on HIGH for 70–90 seconds. Stop when edges look set and center looks barely underdone. DO NOT OVERCOOK.
Rest in the mug for 2 minutes before eating. The center finishes setting during this time.
Eat from the mug or slide onto a plate. Top with powdered sugar, ice cream, or whipped cream.